Birth Control Sponges and Nonoxynol-9

Posted on July 13, 2009 in Consumer Goods, Health & Medicine, Women's Health

The birth control sponge, made famous by its cameo on the popular TV sitcom Seinfield, is a form of birth control used by women to prevent pregnancy. The sponge is a non-hormonal form of contraceptive, combining both the barrier method and spermicide to double its rates of effectiveness. There are three manufacturers of the contraceptive sponge; Today, Protectaid, and Pharmatex.

To work properly, the sponge must be inserted vaginally before intercourse, covering the cervix. It must be moistened with water and squeezed to activate a foamy liquid that contains the spermicide. After insertion, the sponge can be left in place for some amount of time that varies by manufacturer. The sponge must also be left in place for a number of hours after the cessation of intercourse; this time varies by manufacturer as well. With perfect use it is 89-91% effective at preventing pregnancy.

The spermicide most widely used in the sponge, particularly the Today sponge, is nonoxynol-9. Nonoxynol-9 is also the main ingredient in most spermicidal contraceptives such as film, foams, gels, and suppositories. It is also the culprit behind most of the sponge’s critics, as it is also a very popular ingredient in many household cleaners.

The caustic nature of N-9 (as it is also referenced) combined with the friction of intercourse can cause tiny lacerations in the lining of the vagina and actually increase the chance of contracting an STD. It has long been recognized as an allergen to some and has a tendency to cause irritation of the skin as well as numbness in the mouth if direct contact occurs.

When choosing a birth control method, women have more options today than ever before. Each option should be researched to avoid the nasty surprise of an allergic reaction or worse. N-9 has also been accused of heightening the risk of yeast infections, urinary tract infections, and with improper usage, toxic shock syndrome.